I'm trying to get my Blue Pill board to run Blink, the hello-world of embedded development.
https://www.instructables.com/Getting-Started-With-Stm32-Using-Arduino-IDE/ says:
Launch Arduino.cc IDE. Click on "File" menu and then "Preferences".
The "Preferences" dialog will open, then add the following link to the "Additional Boards Managers URLs" field:
"http://dan.drown.org/stm32duino/package_STM32duino_index.json"
But I thought maybe this might be outdated and maybe it's better to use ST's official package. Boy, was I ever fucking wrong. It's a fucking trojan horse.
https://github.com/stm32duino/wiki/wiki/Getting-Started says:
- Launch Arduino.cc IDE. Click on "File" menu and then "Preferences".
The "Preferences" dialog will open, then add the following link to the "Additional Boards Managers URLs" field:
https://github.com/stm32duino/BoardManagerFiles/raw/master/STM32/package_stm_index.json
This installs, by default, version 1.9.0, which occupies tens of megs, takes fucking forever, and then gives an error about STM32CubeProgrammer. What the fuck is STM32CubeProgrammer?
https://github.com/stm32duino/wiki/wiki/Upload-methods says
STLink
Deprecated since core version > 1.5.0 replaced by STM32CubeProgrammer (SWD)
Requires a ST-Link/V2 device connected to the PC over USB and to the board via the SWD interface.
(Actually, it's not deprecated, it's fucking missing.)
...
STM32CubeProgrammer
Since core version > 1.5.0
...
Requirement
To use those upload methods, STM32CubeProgrammer have to be installed manually as it is not provided through the tools packages.
... In any case, if the STM32CubeProgrammer binary is not found, user will be warned like this:
STM32_Programmer.sh/STM32_Programmer_CLI.exe not found. Please install it or add '<STM32CubeProgrammer path>/bin' to your PATH environment:` https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stm32cubeprog.html` Aborting!
Okay, fuck, I guess I have another fucking hoop to jump through. What's this STM32CubeProgrammer thing? Some kind of open-source firmware uploader?
No, that couldn't be more wrong. https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stm32cubeprog.html is pants-shittingly menacing:
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Regardless of whether you'd have any ethical reason to obey this, or whether it could actually be enforced in court or not, I have a CKS32, not an STM32, and the above is a crystal-clear threat from ST: buy our hardware or else. Ew ew ew ew ew.
I'm installing version 1.5.0 now, which is still literally 82 fucking megabytes. And still takes fucking forever. Like on the order of half a fucking hour.
This done, "STLink" appears as an option for "Upload method" under the
Arduino 1.8.14 "Tools" menu. However, the "Port" submenu is grayed
out, and evidently it can't find the "STLink". On replugging it, I
see in dmesg:
[802528.168367] usb 2-1: USB disconnect, device number 6
[802531.948113] usb 2-1: new full-speed USB device number 7 using uhci_hcd
[802532.117227] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0483, idProduct=3748
[802532.117248] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[802532.117261] usb 2-1: Product: STM32 STLink
[802532.117273] usb 2-1: Manufacturer: STMicroelectronics
[802532.117285] usb 2-1: SerialNumber: L/28S5KN
And I have a new file in /dev/char:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Nov 6 19:54 189:134 -> ../bus/usb/002/007
I can read some data from it, so it's probably not a permissions problem:
$ < /dev/char/189:134 xxd
00000000: 1201 0002 0000 0040 8304 4837 0001 0102 .......@..H7....
00000010: 0301 0902 2700 0101 0080 3209 0400 0003 ....'.....2.....
00000020: ffff ff04 0705 8102 4000 0007 0502 0240 ........@......@
00000030: 0000 0705 8302 4000 00 ......@..
What that means is anybody's guess. The device disappears if I unplug the "STLink".
In theory, according to https://github.com/rogerclarkmelbourne/Arduino_STM32/wiki/Programming-an-STM32F103XXX-with-a-generic-%22ST-Link-V2%22-programmer-from-Linux, OpenOCD should work:
$ openocd -f /usr/share/openocd/scripts/interface/stlink-v2.cfg \
-f /usr/share/openocd/scripts/target/stm32f1x.cfg
Open On-Chip Debugger 0.9.0 (2018-01-24-01:07)
Licensed under GNU GPL v2
For bug reports, read
http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
Info : auto-selecting first available session transport "hla_swd". To override use 'transport select <transport>'.
Info : The selected transport took over low-level target control. The results might differ compared to plain JTAG/SWD
adapter speed: 1000 kHz
adapter_nsrst_delay: 100
none separate
Info : Unable to match requested speed 1000 kHz, using 950 kHz
Info : Unable to match requested speed 1000 kHz, using 950 kHz
Info : clock speed 950 kHz
Error: libusb_open() failed with LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS
Error: open failed
in procedure 'init'
in procedure 'ocd_bouncer'
default@default-Aspire-one:~/Downloads/arduino-nightly$ sudo openocd -f /usr/share/openocd/scripts/interface/stlink-v2.cfg -f /usr/share/openocd/scripts/target/stm32f1x.cfg
[sudo] password for default:
Open On-Chip Debugger 0.9.0 (2018-01-24-01:07)
Licensed under GNU GPL v2
For bug reports, read
http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
Info : auto-selecting first available session transport "hla_swd". To override use 'transport select <transport>'.
Info : The selected transport took over low-level target control. The results might differ compared to plain JTAG/SWD
adapter speed: 1000 kHz
adapter_nsrst_delay: 100
none separate
Info : Unable to match requested speed 1000 kHz, using 950 kHz
Info : Unable to match requested speed 1000 kHz, using 950 kHz
Info : clock speed 950 kHz
Info : STLINK v2 JTAG v29 API v2 SWIM v7 VID 0x0483 PID 0x3748
Info : using stlink api v2
Info : Target voltage: 3.139057
Warn : UNEXPECTED idcode: 0x2ba01477
Error: expected 1 of 1: 0x1ba01477
in procedure 'init'
in procedure 'ocd_bouncer'
That's wonderful! That's precisely the error I've seen other people report with the CKS32 devices. So I made the relevant config change:
$ diff -u /usr/share/openocd/scripts/target/stm32f1x.cfg ~/devel/dev3/cks32f1x.cfg
--- /usr/share/openocd/scripts/target/stm32f1x.cfg 2018-01-23 22:08:20.000000000 -0300
+++ /home/default/devel/dev3/cks32f1x.cfg 2020-11-06 20:46:58.606514993 -0300
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
set _CPUTAPID 0x3ba00477
} {
# this is the SW-DP tap id not the jtag tap id
- set _CPUTAPID 0x1ba01477
+ set _CPUTAPID 0x2ba01477
}
}
And then OpenOCD apparently works; anyway it doesn't crash immediately like before and the LED on the "STLink" turns from orange (?) to blue:
$ sudo openocd -f /usr/share/openocd/scripts/interface/stlink-v2.cfg
-f ~/devel/dev3/cks32f1x.cfg
Open On-Chip Debugger 0.9.0 (2018-01-24-01:07)
Licensed under GNU GPL v2
For bug reports, read
http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
Info : auto-selecting first available session transport "hla_swd". To override use 'transport select <transport>'.
Info : The selected transport took over low-level target control. The results might differ compared to plain JTAG/SWD
adapter speed: 1000 kHz
adapter_nsrst_delay: 100
none separate
Info : Unable to match requested speed 1000 kHz, using 950 kHz
Info : Unable to match requested speed 1000 kHz, using 950 kHz
Info : clock speed 950 kHz
Info : STLINK v2 JTAG v29 API v2 SWIM v7 VID 0x0483 PID 0x3748
Info : using stlink api v2
Info : Target voltage: 3.135959
Info : stm32f1x.cpu: hardware has 6 breakpoints, 4 watchpoints
^C
So OpenOCD is successfully connecting! But I'm still some distance away from burning the "blink" sketch onto the hardware.
The access-denied problem that led me to try running it with sudo straces as follows:
open("/dev/bus/usb/002/008", O_RDWR) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied)
write(2, "Error: libusb_open() failed with"..., 53Error: libusb_open() failed with LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS
And indeed I don't have permission to write to that device, only read:
$ ls -l /dev/bus/usb/002/008
crw-rw-r-- 1 root plugdev 189, 135 Nov 6 20:49 /dev/bus/usb/002/008
However, I am in /etc/group as belonging to plugdev, I guess I just haven't logged out and back in since then. So I launch the arduino IDE in the plugdev group:
arduno-nightly$ sg plugdev ./arduino
However, that doesn't help; the "Port" submenu of "Tools" is still
grayed out. And sudo ./arduino of course doesn't have the STM32
board package installed. I copied everything in my ~/.arduino15 to
root's, and then the board package is installed, but it has the same
problem. I tried chmod 666 /dev/bus/usb/002/008, and then OpenOCD
works without sudo, but the Arduino IDE still has a greyed-out
"Port" menu.
Next steps, I guess, are to try Arduino with the Dan Drown stm32duino stuff (or maybe rogerclarkemelbourne's zip file (actual file)?); or to try to program it with OpenOCD; or to use OpenOCD to install some kind of USB bootloader on it.
But I think that's about all for tonight; I've been trying things on and off for 9 hours. I'll see what I can manage tomorrow. The fact that now OpenOCD works means that success is in sight.